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Pain relief treatments in Europe

Pain is one of the most common reasons people seek medical assistance across the European Union. It ranges from acute, short-term conditions — such as musculoskeletal injuries or post-operative pain — to chronic conditions including lower back pain, arthritis, and neuropathic pain that significantly affect quality of life. According to the World Health Organization, chronic pain affects an estimated 20% of adults in Europe, making it a major public health burden.

Pain management is a complex clinical area. Many mild to moderate pain conditions can be managed effectively with over-the-counter medications available at pharmacies without a prescription. However, where over-the-counter options are insufficient — or where a patient’s clinical picture requires a more targeted approach — prescription-strength medications may be appropriate following a medical assessment.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac are among the most widely used classes of prescription pain medication in Europe. They reduce inflammation and provide analgesic and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects. Combination analgesics such as co-codamol, which combines codeine (an opioid) with paracetamol, are used for moderate to severe pain that does not respond adequately to single-ingredient medications.

It is important to understand that prescribing decisions for pain relief must account for a patient’s complete health profile. Many pain medications carry contraindications — NSAIDs, for example, are generally avoided in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease, certain cardiovascular conditions, or impaired kidney function. Opioid-containing products carry risks of dependence and require careful clinical oversight. An independent, qualified doctor is best placed to determine which medication, if any, is appropriate for your individual circumstances.

Available treatments

The following prescription pain relief medications are available through EU-registered doctors. This table is provided for informational purposes only. A doctor will assess which medication, if any, is clinically appropriate for you.

Key distinctions:

• NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac): Reduce inflammation and pain via inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Diclofenac is also available as a topical gel for localised pain with lower systemic exposure.
• Co-codamol: Combines a low-dose opioid (codeine) with paracetamol for synergistic analgesic effect. Subject to stricter prescribing guidelines due to codeine’s opioid classification and dependence potential.
• Dosage and formulation: Prescription-strength doses are higher than those available over the counter. The appropriate dose depends on the indication, patient weight, and other clinical factors determined by the prescribing doctor.

How to get pain relief treatment online

Prescrivia operates as a technology intermediary. We do not prescribe medications, employ doctors, or sell medicines. Our platform connects patients across Europe with independent EU-registered doctors and licensed pharmacies.

The process:

1. Complete a health assessment — Answer a structured set of medical questions covering your pain type, duration, severity, medical history, current medications, and allergies. Accurate and thorough responses allow the reviewing doctor to make a safe and appropriate clinical decision.

2. Independent doctor review — An independent EU-registered doctor reviews your assessment. If a prescription pain medication is clinically appropriate, the doctor may issue a prescription. If it is not appropriate due to contraindications or insufficient indication, the doctor will advise accordingly.

3. Pharmacy fulfilment — If a prescription is issued, it is passed to a licensed EU pharmacy partner. The pharmacy dispenses the medication and arranges delivery to your address.

Important: Prescrivia does not guarantee that a prescription will be issued. All prescribing decisions are made by independent medical professionals. Prescription pain medications in EU member states require a valid prescription from a licensed doctor.

How we compare

Note: For patients with complex or chronic pain conditions, multiple comorbidities, or a clinical history that warrants specialist input, an in-person consultation may be more appropriate. Pain conditions that may indicate serious underlying pathology — such as cancer, fracture, or infection — require prompt in-person evaluation.

Sources

Medical information on this page is based on the following sources:

• European Medicines Agency (EMA). Diclofenac — Summary of Product Characteristics. Available at: ema.europa.eu
• World Health Organization (WHO). Chronic pain — WHO European Region overview. euro.who.int
• Breivik H, et al. Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment. European Journal of Pain. 2006;10(4):287-333.

This content is reviewed periodically to reflect updated clinical guidance. It is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for advice relevant to your individual health circumstances.